Identifying reusable knowledge in developer instant messaging communication.

Context and background: Software engineering is a complex and knowledge-intensive activity. Required knowledge (e.g., about technologies, frameworks, and design decisions) changes fast and the knowledge needs of those who design, code, test and maintain software constantly evolve. On the other hand, software developers use a wide range of processes, practices and tools where developers explicitly and implicitly “produce” and capture different types of knowledge. Problem: Software developers use instant messaging tools (e.g., Slack, Microsoft Teams and Gitter) to discuss development-related problems, share experiences and to collaborate in projects. This communication takes place in chat rooms that accumulate potentially relevant knowledge to be reused by other developers. Therefore, in this research we analyze whether there is reusable knowledge in developer instant messaging communication by exploring (a) which instant messaging platforms can be a source of reusable knowledge, and (b) software engineering themes that represent the main discussions of developers in instant messaging communication. We also analyze how this reusable knowledge can be identified with the use of topic modeling (a natural language processing technique to discover abstract topics in text) by (c) surveying the literature on how topic modeling has been applied in software engineering research, and (d) evaluating how topic models perform with developer instant messages. Method: First, we conducted a Field Study through an exploratory case study and a reflexive thematic analysis to check whether there is reusable knowledge in developer instant messaging communication, and if so, what this knowledge (main themes discussed) is. Then, we conducted a Sample Study to explore how reusable knowledge in developer instant messaging communication can we identified. In this study, we applied a literature survey and software repository mining (i.e. short text topic modeling). Findings and contributions: We (a) developed a comparison framework for instant messaging tools, (b) identified a map of the main themes discussed in chat rooms of an instant messaging tool (Gitter, a platform used by software developers), (c) provided a comprehensive literature review that offers insights and references on the use of topic modeling in software engineering, and (d) provided an evaluation of the performance of topic models applied to developer instant messages based on topic coherence metrics and human judgment for topic quality

DIABETES MELLITUS E OBESIDADE COMO FATORES DE RISCO PARA INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA EM MULHERES NO PRÉ-OPERATÓRIO DE INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA DE ESFORÇO

Detectar a obesidade e o diabetes mellitus em mulheres no climatério ou menopausa com indicação o tratamento cirúrgico de IUE. Estudo realizado com 5 mulheres no Hospital Regional de Presidente Prudente-SP. Foram avaliados, o índice de massa corpórea, circunferência abdominal, características sócio demográficas, obstétricas, ginecológicas, morbidades, atividade física habitual, e qualidade de vida. A idade foi de 56,8±11,58 anos, IMC de 24,3±5,11kg ̸m², 60% das pacientes com CA >80cm, o KHQ obteve nos domínios de percepção saúde 50±17,67, impacto incontinência 79,6±18,62, limitações das atividades diárias 53,2±36,07, limitações físicas 79,6±14,22, limitações sociais 50,8±37,30, relações pessoais 49,8±37,23, emoções 77,6±34,39, sono/ energia 66,4±35,59 e medidas de gravidade 49,2±24,24, e 40% das pacientes com diabetes tipo 2. A obesidade abdominal, idade e tipos de parto mostraram-se ser importantes fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da IU, implicando na elaboração de intervenções nos vários níveis de atenção à saúde no tratamento da IU

Governmental social media use to promote engagement between citizens and federal government

As ferramentas de mídia social possibilitam a criação de ambientes colaborativos, comunidades virtuais e mecanismos de interação, como bate-papos e registro de comentários. Algumas organizações públicas estão se apropriando dessas ferramentas para ampliar suas formas de participação, inclusive desenvolvendo plataformas próprias. Mas como uma mídia social promove engajamento nos usuários de uma comunidade inserida nela? Assim, para estudo dessa questão foi selecionada a plataforma Participa.br, que foi disponibilizada pelo governo federal brasileiro em 2013, cujo intuito é oferecer meios para que cidadãos interajam entre si e participem do processo de desenvolvimento de políticas públicas. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o uso de uma mídia social do governo, a partir de uma de suas comunidades, para verificar de que maneira esta promoveu engajamento. Empregou-se a netnografia, como estratégia de pesquisa, sobre um único caso. Ela se refere à observação e análise em profundidade de interações em uma rede social. Além disso, para a triangulação e contextualização dos dados resultantes da análise das interações, foram realizadas entrevistas com alguns dos usuários participantes das discussões na comunidade, a fim de conhecer suas percepções sobre a plataforma e de sua participação; e análise de documentos e notícias sobre a comunidade e a plataforma. Obteve-se, então, a dinâmica de participação e engajamento de uma comunidade de usuários, algumas evidências de engajamento civil, alguns dos atributos do processo de engajamento e as características que indicassem a presença de senso de comunidade entre os usuários participantes. Por fim, foram verificados quais e como os blocos funcionais, característicos da plataforma, influenciaram o engajamento dos participantes da comunidade estudada.Social media tools enable us to create collaborative environments, virtual communities and interaction mechanisms, as chats and comments posting. Some public agencies are applying these tools in ways to broaden forms of participation. They are also developing their own social media platforms. However, how is social media used for promoting engagement in users from one of its communities? Thus, in order to address this question, it was selected the platform Participa.br, which aims to offer conditions to citizen interaction and participation in public policy development process. This platform was released by the Brazilian federal government in 2013. The objective of this research is to analyze the interactions in a community of users from a governmental social media, verifying how it has promoted engagement. A single-case netnography was chosen as the research strategy for this study. This strategy refers to observation and deep analysis of the interactions in a social media site. Besides that, it was applied data triangulation and contextualization on the results obtained in the interactions analysis. Therefore, interviews were done with some of the users that took part in the discussions in the community, to understand their perceptions about the platform and about the discussions. Analysis of documents and news about the community and the platform was done as well. After that, it was possible to describe the participation and engagement dynamics of the community users, some evidences of civil engagement, some of the attributes from the engagement process and characteristics that would indicate the presence of sense of community among the participants-users. Finally, it was verified how and which of the functional blocs featuring the platform influenced the engagement in the participants of the chosen community

Motor development of preterm and term infants in the fundamental movement phase: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Motor development is a continuous process of motor behavior changes throughout life, allowing for movement control. Premature birth can affect this process, with a greater risk of delays in acquiring these skills. Objective: Compare motor development during the fundamental movement phase of preterm infants submitted to early stimulation and full-term babies. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study with convenience sampling, performed with twenty 3-year-old children of both sexes, distributed into two groups: the preterm group (n = 10), which received physical therapy in the first months of life, and the term group (n = 10). Motor development stages were assessed between January and April 2013, using the Motor Development Scale (Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor - EDM) developed by Francisco Rosa Neto, with an average execution time of thirty minutes. Statistical analysis was performed using BioEstat 5.0 software, and the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to verify data normality. A significance level of p e#8804; 0.05 was adopted, analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The term group exhibited significant differences in relation to the preterm group for the variables Fine and Gross Motor Skills, and Spatial and Temporal Awareness, with no differences in Balance and Body Scheme. Conclusion: Only the premature infants submitted to early intervention achieved normal levels of Balance and Body Scheme on the EDM Scale

Motor development of preterm and term infants in the fundamental movement phase: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Introduction: Motor development is a continuous process of motor behavior changes throughout life, allowing for movement control. Premature birth can affect this process, with a greater risk of delays in acquiring these skills. Objective: Compare motor development during the fundamental movement phase of preterm infants submitted to early stimulation and full-term babies. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study with convenience sampling, performed with twenty 3-year-old children of both sexes, distributed into two groups: the preterm group (n = 10), which received physical therapy in the first months of life, and the term group (n = 10). Motor development stages were assessed between January and April 2013, using the Motor Development Scale (Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor - EDM) developed by Francisco Rosa Neto, with an average execution time of thirty minutes. Statistical analysis was performed using BioEstat 5.0 software, and the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to verify data normality. A significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was adopted, analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The term group exhibited significant differences in relation to the preterm group for the variables Fine and Gross Motor Skills, and Spatial and Temporal Awareness, with no differences in Balance and Body Scheme. Conclusion: Only the premature infants submitted to early intervention achieved normal levels of Balance and Body Scheme on the EDM Scale

Preventive Effect of Gamma-Oryzanol on Physiopathological Process Related to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Animals Submitted to High Sugar/Fat Diet

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of liver disease. The physiopathological processes involved in the disease are metabolic syndrome (MetS) components (central obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, hypertension), genetic, and dietary factors, including unsaturated fats and sweetened beverages, which are able to lead to inflammation and oxidative stress, conditions associated with progression and severity of NAFLD. Gamma-oryzanol (γOz) is a nutraceutical obtained from rice brain oil with many benefits to health, from immunological to metabolic. The aim of this study is to test the preventive effect of γOz on the physiopathological process related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in animals submitted to high sugar/fat diet. Male Wistar rats (±187 g) were randomly divided into four experimental groups to receive: control diet (C, n = 6), control diet plus γOz (C + γOz, n = 6), high sugar/fat diet (HSF, n = 6), or high sugar/fat diet plus γOz (HSF + γOz, n = 6) during 30 weeks. HSF groups also received water plus sucrose (25%). γOz was added to diets to reach 0.5% of final concentration. The HSF group presented MetS, liver inflammation and oxidative stress, and micro and macrovesicular steatosis. HSF plus γOz was protected against these changes. It is possible to conclude that gamma-oryzanol was effective in modulating the physiopathological process related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in animals submitted to a high sugar/fat diet

Hydroethanolic Extract of Solanum paniculatum L. Fruits Modulates ROS and Cytokine in Human Cell Lines

Solanum paniculatum L. or popularly known as “jurubeba” is an herbal medicinal plant. A few studies have investigated its biological effects; however, research aimed at elucidating the redox balance effects from its fruits has not been reported so far. ROS interplays in various fields of medicine such as chemotherapy. Here, we evaluated antioxidant and inflammatory activities of the hydroethanolic extract of Solanum Paniculatum L. (HESPL) fruits in breast cancer cells, as well as its phytochemical profile. The antioxidant profile (carotenoids and phenolic compounds) was obtained by HPLC-DAD-UV and HPLC-APCI-MS. Cancer cell lines and human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultivated and treated with 1.87-30 μg/mL of HESPL for 24 hrs. Cytotoxicity, oxidative, and inflammation biomarkers were evaluated. The dose of 30 μg/mL of the HESPL extract presented cytotoxicity in the MCF-7 cell line. However, for MDA-MB-231, the cytotoxicity was observed in the dose of 1.87 g/mL. The 1.87 μg/mL and 3.75 μg/mL doses decreased the concentration of IL-6 in MCF-7 cells. In the MDA-MB-231 cells, the HESPL did not decrease the IL-6 concentration; however, in the doses of 15 and 30 μg/mL, an increase in this parameter was observed. The HESPL increased IL-1β concentration in HUVECs. The ROS level in MCF-7 was elevated only at the 30 μg/ml dose. Regarding MDA-MB-231, HESPL promoted increased ROS levels at all doses tested. HUVEC showed no increase in ROS under any dose. HESPL treatment may modulate cytotoxicity, ROS, and cytokine levels due to its phytochemical profile, and it has shown an antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effect